Which statement is true regarding the relationship between zooplankton and phytoplankton?

The statement that zooplankton rely on phytoplankton for food accurately reflects the fundamental trophic relationship in aquatic ecosystems. Phytoplankton are microscopic photosynthetic organisms that serve as primary producers, converting sunlight into energy and forming the base of the marine food web. Zooplankton, which include small animals and larval stages of larger organisms, feed on phytoplankton, thus playing a critical role in transferring energy from primary producers to higher trophic levels.

This relationship is essential for maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems, as the abundance and health of zooplankton populations often hinge on the availability of phytoplankton. This interaction represents a classic predator-prey dynamic; however, it is crucial to note that phytoplankton are not predators, and they do not consume zooplankton or engage in any form of predation. Hence, the other statements do not accurately depict this important ecological relationship.