What does biodiversity measure in an ecosystem?

Biodiversity measures the variety and variability of life forms within an ecosystem and includes both the number of different species and the variety of habitats in which they live. It is a critical component of environmental health and stability. By assessing biodiversity, scientists can gauge the resilience of ecosystems, as higher levels typically indicate a greater ability to withstand environmental changes and stresses.

An ecosystem with high biodiversity can provide a wider range of ecosystem services, such as pollination, nutrient cycling, and habitat provision. The presence of numerous species indicates a robust and balanced ecosystem where different organisms fulfill various ecological roles, contributing to overall ecological functions. Therefore, focusing on both the richness of species and the type of habitats captures the complexity and interdependence of life within that ecosystem, making option B the most accurate description of what biodiversity measures.