What defines the summer monsoon period in terms of temperature difference?

The summer monsoon period is characterized by a significant temperature difference between land and sea. This temperature disparity plays a crucial role in the monsoon phenomenon. In many regions, particularly in South Asia, the land heats up much more quickly than the ocean during the summer months. This rapid warming of the land creates a low-pressure area over the heated landmass.

In contrast, the ocean remains cooler, resulting in higher pressure over the sea. The difference in pressure drives a strong inflow of moist air from the ocean towards the land. As this moist air rises over the land, it cools and condenses, leading to the heavy rainfall associated with the monsoon season. Thus, the significant temperature difference not only defines the summer monsoon period but also directly influences the patterns of wind and precipitation that are characteristic of this climate phenomenon.