How do zooplankton contribute to the health of coastal ecosystems?

Zooplankton play a crucial role in the health of coastal ecosystems primarily by serving as a vital food source for larger animals, including fish, marine mammals, and seabirds. This positions them at a key intersection in the food web, where they facilitate energy transfer from primary producers, like phytoplankton, to higher trophic levels. Their abundance supports the populations of commercial and recreational fish species, contributing to biodiversity and the overall stability of marine communities.

In addition to being a food source, zooplankton also participate in nutrient cycling, as their feeding and excretion processes help recycle organic matter and nutrients in the water column. This activity supports the productivity of primary producers and helps maintain the health of coastal ecosystems. By sustaining a rich food web, zooplankton indirectly support various commercial industries and contribute to the ecological balance necessary for vibrant coastal environments.